When I try to install the Cryptography package for Python through either pip install cryptography or by downloading the package from their site and running python setup.py, I get the following erro. WARNING: When you brew install formulae that provide Python bindings, you should not be in an active virtual environment. Activate the virtualenv after you’ve brewed, or brew in a fresh terminal window. Homebrew will still install Python modules into Homebrew’s site-packages and not into the virtual environment’s site-package.
- I want to install pip for python 2.7 on my Mac. I think this is the python located in /usr/bin/python. Unfortunately I have already installed Anaconda, which installs python 3.6.3, and changes things so that the command python xxx.py automatically runs xxx.py using python 3.6.3.
- Pip install mysqlclient If you need 1.2.x versions (legacy Python only), use pip install MySQL-python. Note: Some dependencies might have to be in place when running the above command. Some hints on how to install these on various platforms: Ubuntu 14, Ubuntu 16, Debian 8.6 (jessie) sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev libmysqlclient-dev.
This page describes how Python is handled in Homebrew for users. See Python for Formula Authors for advice on writing formulae to install packages written in Python.
Homebrew should work with any CPython and defaults to the macOS system Python.
Homebrew provides formulae to brew Python 3.x.
Homebrew provided a python@2 formula until the end of 2019, at which point it was removed due to the Python 2 deprecation.
Important: If you choose to use a Python which isn’t either of these two (system Python or brewed Python), the Homebrew team cannot support any breakage that may occur.
Python 3.x
Homebrew provides a formula for Python 3.x (python@3.x).
Macos Install Pip Brew Command
Important: Python may be upgraded to a newer version at any time. Consider using a versionmanager such as pyenv if you require stability of minor or patch versions for virtual environments.
The executables are organised as follows:
python3points to Homebrew’s Python 3.x (if installed)pip3points to Homebrew’s Python 3.x’s pip (if installed)
Unversioned symlinks for python, python-config, pip etc. are installed here:
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Setuptools, Pip, etc.
The Python formulae install pip (as pip3) and Setuptools.
Install python 3.7 on mac high sierra. Setuptools can be updated via pip3, without having to re-brew Python:
Macos Install Pip Brew Bar
Similarly, pip3 can be used to upgrade itself via:
site-packages and the PYTHONPATH
The site-packages is a directory that contains Python modules (especially bindings installed by other formulae). Homebrew creates it here:
So, for Python 3.y.z, you’ll find it at /usr/local/lib/python3.y/site-packages.
Python 3.y also searches for modules in:
/Library/Python/3.y/site-packages~/Library/Python/3.y/lib/python/site-packages
Homebrew’s site-packages directory is first created if (1) any Homebrew formula with Python bindings are installed, or (2) upon brew install python.
Why here?
The reasoning for this location is to preserve your modules between (minor) upgrades or re-installations of Python. Additionally, Homebrew has a strict policy never to write stuff outside of the brew --prefix, so we don’t spam your system.
Homebrew-provided Python bindings
Some formulae provide Python bindings.
Warning! Python may crash (see Common Issues) if you import <module> from a brewed Python if you ran brew install <formula_with_python_bindings> against the system Python. If you decide to switch to the brewed Python, then reinstall all formulae with Python bindings (e.g. pyside, wxwidgets, pygtk, pygobject, opencv, vtk and boost-python).
Policy for non-brewed Python bindings
These should be installed via pip install <package>. To discover, you can use pip search or https://pypi.python.org/pypi.
Note: macOS’s system Python does not provide pip. Follow the pip documentation to install it for your system Python if you would like it.
Brewed Python modules
For brewed Python, modules installed with pip3 or python3 setup.py install will be installed to the $(brew --prefix)/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages directory (explained above). Executable Python scripts will be in $(brew --prefix)/bin.
The system Python may not know which compiler flags to set in order to build bindings for software installed in Homebrew so you may need to run:
Virtualenv
WARNING: When you brew install formulae that provide Python bindings, you should not be in an active virtual environment.
Macos Install Pip Brew Pub
Activate the virtualenv after you’ve brewed, or brew in a fresh terminal window.Homebrew will still install Python modules into Homebrew’s site-packages and not into the virtual environment’s site-package.
Virtualenv has a --system-site-packages switch to allow “global” (i.e. Homebrew’s) site-packages to be accessible from within the virtualenv.
Why is Homebrew’s Python being installed as a dependency?
Formulae that declare an unconditional dependency on the 'python' formula are bottled against Homebrew’s Python 3.x and require it to be installed.